Pruning

A person with a blade can do an amazing amount of damage in the landscape.  Doing some homework before pruning might save you and your plants some problems.  Pruning is a complicated, yet simple, process.  Here's a primer: 

Pruning Tools

Chainsaw - Should only be used for tree removal and pruning of very large branches (best when operated by a professional)

Hand Pruners - Used for wood up to ¾ inch thick

Hedge Shears - Can be electric or hand operated, used to trim and shape bushes

Lopping Shears - Used for wood up to 1¼ inches thick

Pruning Paint - Designed to seal off a pruning wound, normally does more harm than good

Pruning Saw - Used for wood 2 inches thick or greater

Pruning Guidelines

Pruning is best thought of as a necessary evil.  Pruning results in wounds, and opens a window for pest and disease problems.  Proper pruning can maximize blooming, promote new growth, and keep the plant looking aesthetically pleasing.  Improper pruning can eliminate blooming, destroy the aesthetic value of a plant, and eventually lead to the death of the plant.

Timing for Pruning

Pruning at the right time is very important.  Consider both the stage of the plant and the weather conditions.  Here are some general comments:

·        Prune spring flowering shrubs soon after they finish blooming

·        Prune late flowering shrubs in the winter or early spring

·        Prune Yews and Junipers anytime

·        Prune Pines, Spruces, and Hemlocks in the spring

·        Prune deciduous trees in the winter

·        Prune Maples, Walnuts, and Cherries in late spring/early summer

Pruning Technique

Here are some basic guidelines on pruning technique:

·        Make clean cuts

·        Cut just outside the branch collar

·        Do not shear hedges narrow at the bottom and wide a the top

·        Use a series of three cuts to remove large branches to avoid tearing into the bark

Remember many limbs will branch where they are cut, so choose different levels on the canopy for cuts

Sources

This sheet has been compiled from experience, information from the Pennsylvania Certified Horticulturist Reference Guide, and information from Rodale's Encyclopedia of Organic Gardening

Note:  Stop by the nursery to pick up the Pruning information sheet with graphics